Fluid-compressing apparatus



.!. S. BARNER.

`FLUID COMPRESSING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1.*lg19.

Patented Mar. 22, 1921.

`3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Brae WaJZzfe 2nd Reservoir Reservoir' 1. s. BARNER. l `mum Comms/SING ABPABATQS. APPLICATION 'FILED DEC.1199.

J, s. BAHNER. FLUID CGMPHESSMJG4 APPARATUS.

APFLiCn UGH FILED DEC.1,1919.

' Patented Mar. 22, 1921.V

31a/mnd oz UNITED s'rAilas PalrENfr oFF-ics.

JOHN S. B'ARNER, OF COLVER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO BARN-ER RAILVYAYSUPPLY COMPANY, 0F PHILADELPHIIL PENNSYLVANIA., A CORPORATION 0F'.PENNSYLVANIA. I

FLUID-COMPRESSING A1l?.45.125.451US.

Application led December 1, 1919. Serial No. 341,621.

To all whom it may concern y Be it known that I, JOHN S. Brianna, acitizen of the United States, and a resident -of Colver, Cambria county,State of Penlr sylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Fluid-Compressing Apparatus, of v vhich the following isa speelfiation.

' The present invention relates to fluid compressing apparatus and moreparticularly to such apparatus designed for use 1n connection withrailway train service, the greater Bart of the matter disclosed hereinhaving plication Ser. No. 266,283. For such service it is of the utmostimportance that the ap paratus be dependable and capable of operai, tionWithout a break-down for a period of time at least equal to the run of atrain. As it is against the rules to move a train 1f the air brakeapparatus is out of order, it is the aiin vof all manufacturers of thisapparatus to provide a Vconstruction which will not get out of operationWhile the train 1s 1n service.

.If' the air brake apparatus of a train is out of order, the traincannot be moved, with the result that the track' is blocked and trafficheld up until the apparatus can be repaired. Such holding up of thetrailic is very costly, often amountingr to hundreds or thousands ofdollars per hour, depending on the amount of -trailic over theparticular line.

The air compressing and braking appa ratus as employed onrailway trainsat present is subject to frequent break-downs and has other defectswhich it is the obj ect of the principal features of novelty of thepresent invention may be outlinedras follows:

1. The apparatusv produces substantially dry air at the brake valve. Inpresent day apparatus theair delivered' at the brake valve is atatemperature fai' above that of atmosphere. As a resultwhen this hotcornpres'sed air expands through the brake valve, f 4moisture viscondensed out.' collecting in the train pipe. This precipitation ofmoisture A will not occur until vthe temperature of the airV has beensufficiently reduced,Y which onv a number of occasions has been found tobe a number of cars back of the locomotive. In cold Weather thisprecipitated moisture freezes, stopping up the pipe and rendering' thebrakes in rearof the obstruction useless.

een Idescribed and shown in my prior ap-` This often results in loss ofcontrol of the train and in some cases has been the direct cause ofderailments and Wreclrs. According to the present invention the airdelivered to the brake valve issubstantially at at1nospheric temperatureand has had practically all the moisture condensed out. Hence when itexpands through the brake valve there is no condensation to collect inthe train pipe. In other words, the compressed air discharged throughthe brake valve is substantially dry. l

`2. The compressed ai'r delivered through the brake valve containssubstantially no oil. Heretoiore it has been the custom to inject oilinto the compressor cylinders so that more or less oil is entrained inthe compressed air and moves along with the same. In the present dayapparatus, the tempera-- ture of the compressed air in the compressor isoften sulicient to ignite the lubricant, and

Whereoil refined from petroleum is used ex pipe7 that is the pipe whichconnects the two l air reservoirs oi' the locomotive soonfills. -roductsof oil so' that this pipe has to be c eaned out at fre#l up withpartially burned quent intervals.- With the present invenf t1on,'no`oilis introducedintotle air and consequently all of the above mentionedtroubles are eliminated.

3. The provision of .a compressor havingI a relatively large capacityfor-its Weightand size. This feature "results frommthe novel' manner ofcooling the compressor and air and the arrangement whereby the vpressureof the compressed air entering-the second stage compressor aids the workof compressing in the low stage.

4. Theprovisionof a compressor in which the cylinders and pistonare-eiliciently cooled by means ofy air without requiring any coolingwater. According tothe present invention the compressor cylinders yaresingleacting 'so that the atmosphere is alternately drawn into thecylinder' andexpelleel therefrom through its open end. In this mannerboth-the inner land oute'r surfaces' of the to.v centralized. 'This me.

cylinder are cooled and also the interior o" the piston and the pistonrod.

.The inlet and discharge valves so disposed that. the incoming g coolair rushes over the vulves thereby cooling the same. ln the presentcompressor the air cylinder head has e'pa'ssage through which the isletair is drawn and the compressed air discharged, hoththe inlet anddischarge valves communicating with this .pass-ege. Hence the airdrawnmin onA the suction stroke of the compressor' comes incontact withall the valves and the surface of the passage meutioned above therebyoperating to cool these arts. This arrangement also eliminates urned oiloreal-bon on the sir velves or in x the air passages. The cool air drawnin ou the suction stroke coming in Contact with the valves and the oirpassages cools these parts and maintains them at such e. low temperature that nol deposit will form and 'the circulation of 'the an'through the passages tends to,keepthem clean. .llA urtherniore, hefcnusethe valves are maintained et :i relatiyelylow tem ereture4 they mayhe lubricated without leer ci' hiirning out the lubricant. As a resultIthe valve seats remain in perfect condition for an indefinite period.

t3. The provision of s twostoge tiuid comressor having means'to cool orshrink the uid or air discharged from. the first stage so thatthe sizeof the cylinder required in the second stage may he relatively small.

7.111 the direct 'acting air compressors used on locomotives et thepresent time, there is considerable trouble from the breaking of thepiston rods at the point Where they join the pistons. The-presentinventor has discovered that this is dueto the fact that the compressedair is discharged Jfronfithe compressor cylinders et one'side. As thepiston nears ethe end of its discharge stroke the compressed sir nearthe' outlet con rush out through the discharge Valve, whereas 'thecompressed uit' caged between' the pisto sind cylinder heed at the veryend of the stroke cannot escapev quickly as the area open to thedischarge valve is too small. The result is that the pressure on thepiston :it the side opposite`hedischarge valve is greater than adjacentthe discharge valve. IThis tends to tilt the piston und produces eheading' stress in the piston rod which in u short ti vcrystallizes thepart ofthe piston rod udg, cent the piston resulting in am ultimatebreaking. According to thepresent inventien this trouble is eliminatedhy providingr 'means so that at Ithe end of the discharge stroke thepressure on the piston is :always y' he accomplished by discharging theyimpressed sir centrally or symmetrically with relation to the 'hxis ofthe 8. .The 'compressor constrected in accord- @me .vrille-diiepressi/it Iioveiitsliic ycomprises two end si? compressors und suiotcroosed lthe cylinders out of alinement.

Sl. Clue of the priucpul muses for lu'cuhdowns of the present deycompressing :xppu- :fetus is due to the hurried out pucliiug.; aroundthe piston rods. lu order to eliminate this defect. according' to thepresent iuvention, single acting uir compressors :irc employed so thatno pon-hing; is necessary for the. oir compressors. The 'iut li'poscdsteam motor however.' has pecking urouud the pis tou rods et both ilsheads. But the pistou rods reciproczitingg through .this puc-hing ou theoutside o the motor are hrought iu coutzuft with uir it :atmospherictemperature so that they ure kopt zit u relatively low tcm peruture`.find :i pump constructed iu accordance with this invention will operatefor iudenitenperiods without requiring n rcplucemeut or the pecking.: inthe .motor heads. Furthermore', the piston rods ure properly lubricated,and es they ire maintained :it n relatively low temperntliro thisluhricnnl. is not burned out or destroyed'.

l0. Heretoiorc it has been custouuxry to introduce lubricant to thecompresso; hy discharging it directly into the compressor cylinder. As aresult more or less oil carried :along with the compressed air und :isthe temperature oi' this :tir in present compressors hes ver? often heenuhoviL the flesh or burning point of' 'the oil. the oil has beendestroyed with the result that the. com pressor has not heen properlylubricated. Oi course F:is soonl :is the temperature of the compressorrises to the point where the "lubricant is destroyed further operationcauses scored cylinders and burned piston rings or piston pecking, hutin the present invention, es previously explained, thc zur issuuiotoined :it-'rela'.lively low temperature so that the lubricant isnot destroyed. YhirA thermoe, u. novel und eliicicnt manner oi`lubricating the nir' compressors hais heen dcvised. Thusl instead ofintroducing lubricant withI the entering air or directly into theair-cylinders, with the present -ihrention the lubricant is dischargedon the nonpressure side of the nir pistons. v This accomplished byutilizing' the discharge of lOll lll)

steam from the tzzppet vulves o the steam motor. This si um: carriesluhricnut in the usuel way. That is to soy, oy luhi x:mt is introducedinto the steampige li'.

the steam motor. Hence the steam discharged from the tappet valvescarries lubricant and as'this steam is directed againstthe'interior-surfaces of the air cylinders on the non-pressure side ofthe pistons thereof the air compressors are efliciently and thon oughlyIlubricated. Furthermore, the piston .rods are exposed to this dischargeso lthat they in turn are lubricated.

11. The air valves are carried in bonnets or caps secured to thecylinder heads of the air compressors. Hence if it is necessary toreplacethe valves or thelr seats become damaged, it is merely necessaryKto take oli the bonnet avoiding the necessity of removin Ithe entirecyllnder head as Where the va ves are carried Vdirectly thereby.

Other objects and features of novelty of the invention will be apparentfrom the description taken in connection with the drawings in which: l

VFigure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the arrangement of the aircompresser and air strage-apparatus on a locomotive; v

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation through a compressorconstructed in accordance with the presentinvention;V

Fig. 3 is a sectiona elevation taken substantially on the line 3`-3 ofFig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional lelevation taken substantiallyon the line 4-4 ofFig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation taken sub- Vtantially onthe line 5-1-5of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation taken substantlally on line 6 6 of Fig.2; and

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional elevation similar to Fig. 1illustrating a compressor havin compressing cylinders of equal size.

Re erring to Fig., l of the drawings the compressor is illustrated asdischarging through a i e into a first reservoir, this reservoir beingon the same side of the locomotive as the compressor. reservoir an eualizerpipe leads to a second reservoir on t e 4opposite side of thelocomotive, from which the air is conducted through a pie to the brakevalve which controls theischarge into the train pipe. With apparatusconstructed in accordance with the present inventionV the air by thetime it reaches the brake valve is substam tially at atmospherictemperature so thatpractically., all moisture has been condensed out inthe first and second reservoirs. ,As a result substantially dry air` isdelivered through thebrake valve into the train pipe.

.Rc erring to Figs. 2 to 6 inlusive it will be observed that thecompressor of the present invention in the `form illustrated maycomprise a steam motor A alined with and adapted to 'actuate ja firststage air compresser B, and a second stage air compres- -sor C. ln'theform'shown themotor interposed between the air cylinderspconsists ofFrom the first 4 a cylinder'l() having a piston 11 nrwiiritedl Thefirst'fm low' to reciprocatetherein. stage compressor comprises acylinder `12 alined with the steam cylinder 10 and pro- `vided 'with a clinder head 13 closing the end opposite t e steam'cylinder, the endadjacent said cylinder being open. The end of the steam cylinder '10-adjacent the com lpresser B is closed by a head 14: and the piston rod,15, on which the piston 11 is mounted extends through a stuling box 16in said head and carries a piston 17 arranged to reciprocate inthecompressor l2. The peripheral wall 17 of piston 17 is extended axiallyin order to increase the interior surface of the piston affording alarger surface to come in contact with the cooling air, thus providingmeans for efficiently cooling the piston. The open end of the cylinder10 is placed adjacent the end of the steam cylinder and 1n communication-cylindei` and the piston 17 are cooled by the air4 drawn into thecylinder. and expelled through the openings 20 oneach stroke ot' thepiston. As the arms 18 are equall spaced,A the air and steam cylindersare a Ways maintained in alinement, for the i reasonf that all strainsandstresses Whether produced Iby changes in temperatures or other causesare' equalized, that is to say they are transmitted from one cylinder tothe other equally.

The second stage compressor C comprises a cylinder 2l in alinement withthe steam cylinder 10 disposed at the opposite end thereof with respectto the rst stage compressor B.' The end of the cylinder 21 'opposite thesteam cylinder is closed by a head 22 while the opposite end, that'is,the end adjacent the steam motor, is open. The adjacent end of theste-am cylinder 10 is closed by a head 23 and the piston rod 15 extendsthrough a stuffing -box 24 in this head 'and j carries a plston 25mounted to reciprocate 1n the cylinder 21. The piston' 25 has litsperipheral wall extended axially "as at 25 to increase the interiorsurface of the..` iston,v as described .in connection with the` rststage `piston.`The head 23 ofthe stam cylinder is provided withequally-spaced arms 26 which `at their outertends carrya ring 27 securedto the adjacent open end of the cylinder 21 in any suitable manner. Thespace between the arms 26, such as indicated at 287 provde passages soIthat the interior of the cylinderiis always in communicetion with theatmosphere. i rior of the cylinder C and the piston irre cooled by theair drawn in :ind expelled through the open end of the cylinder C.

liurtherniore, es explained in connect-ion iijth the first air cylinder,the second cylinder C and the steam cyiinder ere mein tained inalineinent because the :irme cci necting' seid cylinders are equallyspe. nysuitiible valve meclienisiii insg b vided for admitting andexhausting to the steam cylinder 10'to effect si, reciprocetion of thepiston. Preferably e. control valve 29 and'tsppet valves 30 eiiol ereein? ployed such as described and claimed in the patent to Barner,1,171,018, granted ll`eb-4 steam ruaryS, 1916..l Steam is supplied 'tothe coritrol valve 29 through :i supply pipe 32 and isexhausted from thecontrolrvelve through the pipe 33. A lubricatori of the usuelconstruction may be attached to the pipe v so that lubricant is suppliedto the steam motor by being carried in with the entering steam. Asdescribed in the aforesaid patent the slight amount of steam caged atthe opposite ends or" the control valve is exhausted throughv thetappctvalves 30 and 31. Heretofore the steam 'thus exhausted has been passeddirectly into the atmosphere. fic cording to the present invention, horever, this steam is utilized and is coiiducteo or.

'the -tappet valves by ineens of pipes or tubes and 36 so that it isdischarged Within the cylinders B and C and preferably against theinterior surface thereof. As this in the head 13. Thisperinits the steamcarries lubricant the interior of the compressor cylinders, pistons andpiston rods are thoroughly lubricated. lt will be observed that thelubricant is 'thus introduced to' the cylinders on the non-pressure-`s1dc of the pistons rather than being carried in with the iniet air tothe compressors.

'Referring to Figs. and 3 it will be seen `thatthe cylinder heed 13 ofthe compressor B is formed with-'ii fluid passage 37 which hascommunication with the interior of the cylinder-` The head also carriesthe inlet valves 38 and thedischarge velve- 39, the ist ter valveeonti'oliing the discharge of fluid to the discharge pipe 40. The valvesmay be of any preferred type, but es Shown iii Fig.

2, are of the gravity puppet type end the vulve 39 is positioned so thatthe iiuid drawn 1n through the inlet valves 38 on the suction 'stroke oithe Compressor comes in Contact with said discharge valve and also withthe surface of the Walls forming the passage 3T thereby 'cooling saidvalve and walls. H desired the passage 37 may be formed in und thevalves carried by a removable cap or bonnet 41 vsecured in an opening 42formed rer-.dy reseats or will be observed moval of the-valves iT". thevalve valves become uigured end Thus the inteyerali'y wf 'h t thepassage is located ceiit respect to the piston. 1T. Hence there is nochance for i' e .Auping of zur be tween the piston and cylinder head toproduce tilting of the piston. in olier Words, as thc couipiesse l,iiuid is di rl 1 cen-- tis'lly with respcft to the pist iuid pressureacting; on the piste-n "stru, l und produces no bending artico; in` therod The arrangeiiien; of the4 inlet :ind discharge 'valves 'for libecompressor (f is Similar i io het described in connection with thecoinoress'r 'L is shown in Figs. :2 and the is formed with u {iuidpassage 5:3

which Yhas direct communication with the' inlet valve und the dischargevalve these velvesbeing of any preferred type, iis showin, ot thegravity plippct type. The passages are constructed und the vslves solocated that the luid entering tliiougli the inlet vulve '14 comes inContact wir'. r.nd cools the discharge vulve and the interir surface ofthe Walls forming the pessige 4.3. FurthernioreIn the outiet passive Ilis cen iriilly disposed with rf oec-t to the piston thus :avoidingA anytene f o tilt the piston as explained in connection"l with the centrallydisposed 3T of the lor.7 i t com pressoir.

"" i l n I m .'i- -1 iii omer to .rcsec liu: imei-sy of tue compressorsii also to deli ir compressed rais through the iule: `vulve il o 'thesecond stage coinpi1 ,.;sor, un inter cooler 351s disposed so that thei'iuid disfl from the iiist stage compressor B is cond' :tdto theinter-cooler through u pipe 4:7. The compressed gus in its passagethroi'ig'li the inter-cooler cooled :ind its volume thereby reduced sudLLilien conducted by means of the pipe il to the inlet vulve 4 of thesecond st; e ceinpicssor C.

oi? the apparatus den the operation #l 3 E l .l A sciioeo. come. lueslcc.. i entemig, tliiougrh veelijlrcczitiou of the the pipe 32 causesthe piston l1 thereby actuating the single acting compressors@ iind C.The l'iuid compressed in the vlinder 12 is discluirfged centi-:illy withres ect to its piston into the intertrlien passesythrougli the inletcooler lil and valve 44 to the secouristes-e compressor L) vWhere it isfurther compressed and dis- :L cooled charged centrally Witlirespect to4its piston isc irst half of the streife is given out inders therebylubricating'the pistons and' piston rods.

In direct acting compressors of the type 4disclosed herein, the steamacts at full pressure throughout the entire strokefof the steamengine.Hence-the total steam pressure acting on the steam'piston must begreater than the resista-nce oilered by the airV pistons at the end oftheir compression strokes. In other words, the size of the air cylinderis limited in accordance with the total steam pressure on In crankdriven compressors, on the other hand, the total steam pressure at theend of the stroke may be less than the total resistance to compressionin the air cylinder, for the reason that energy stored up in thereciprocating parts and fly Wheel during the during the latter half andthereby aids and supplements the steam pressure. i

According' to the present invention, the compressed fluid inthe-intercooler enters through the inlet valveto the high pressurecylinder tion stroke and therefore aids in moving the pistons in thisdirection. Inother words, the compressed fluid in the inter-cooler actson the high steam in actuating the low pressure piston on itscompressionA stroke. Thus the steam pressure with the added air pressureon the high pressure piston 25 is sufficient to move the low pressurepiston during the final portion of its compression stroke although thesteam pressure alone would not be sufficient to accomplish this. Ittherefore ollows that a larger low pressure cylinder may be employedwith agiven steamA pressure than if the compressed Huid in theintercooler were not employedas described.

Fig. 7 illustrates a compressor similar to that shown in 'Fig'. 2excepting that it is designed particularly for a larger quantity orcompressed fluid at a lowervpressure. Thus in this machine thecompressor B of Fig. 2 is duplicated on both sides of the steam cylinder10. In the operation of this embodiment of the invention air is drawninto the cylinders through the inlet valves 38 and discharged throughthe discharge valves 39 into the pipes 45 which may lead to a commonreservoir. It will be observed that the compressors B are single actingand are disposed at opposite ends of the steam cylinder 10 and inalinement therewith. Thisconstruction employs the same features asdescribed in connection with Fig. 2.

Although. theA present compressor has been described in connection withrailway train service, it has been found that it is so edicient anddependable that it may be substituted for many of the present ily wheelthe steam piston.`

while the piston 25 is on its suc,.

pressure piston to aid the atmosphere and type of air compressorsinvstationary servicer scribed in connection with a specific embodimentthere'oJ-it is to be understood that the invention is nt thus limitedbut includes modifications and changes which come with in the scope ofthe appended claims.

Having thus described my `nve'ntionwhat 1s claimed as new and desired tobe secured by Letters Patent is:

1. A machine of the class described in- `cluding in combination, twoalined single acting compressors, a double acting steam motor interposedbetween said compressors to actuate the latter, and means to attach thecompressors to the motor formed' to provide communication between theinterior of the compressors and the atmosphere, whereby thev compressorsare cooled. Y

u 2. A machine of the class described including in combination, twoalined single actin compressors including cylinders having t eiradjacent ends open and their outer ends closed, a double `acting' motorto actuate said compressors disposed between said cylinders, and meansto secure the o aen ends of the cylinders to the motor provi ed withpassages affording communication between the interior of the cylindersand the atmosv phere, whereby the compressors are cooled.

3. A machine of the class described including in combination,- twoalined single acting compressors including cylinders hav ing their outerends closed and their adjacent ends open, a double acting motor interosed between said cylinders comprising a cylinder and heads, andumeansto secure the open end of each compressor cylinder to the adjacent headof the steam cylinder provided with passages affording communicationbetween the lnterior of the compressor cylinders" and the atmosphere,whereby the compressors are cooled.

Il. A machine of the class described includingiin combination, twoalined single acting motor, the non-compressing ends of the compressorsbeing continually in communication with the atmosphere whereby air isalternately drawn' into and expelled4 from the compressors to cool thesame. 4

5. A machine of the class described inf cluding in combination,"twoalined single4 acting compressors, each including a hollow cylinder openat one end to the atmosphere and a head closing the other end, and amotor disposed between said cylinders to actuate the compressors.

Although the invention has been de- Y actingcompressors and aninterposed double l 6. A machine of the class described includingincombination, two single acting alined compressors and an interposedsteam motor, said compressors each including a hollow cylinder havingone end open tov the a head closing the other end, and means tointermittently supply a small. qnsn'biyor oil laden steam yand e pistonreciprocolingv therein, end

ineens to interrnlllenely, supply o smell quantity'off oil leden einemio the interior surfaces oi seid cylinders to lnliriesiye the seme.

8. A machinev of 'ille class described including in ,combinaiom o, fluidcompressing cylinder, e piston reciproealiie therein, e, steam motoralined with said cylinder including,r a steam cylinder, e pislc'onrecipro cable herein, e piston rod on which seid. pistons are mounted,means to govern he reciprocelfion of saidseam pison including,T icontrol valve and n. lseppe't valve el; lech end of the steam cylinder,and means lo discharge the exhaust steam from a, eppet valve totheinterior surface oi' -he compressing cylinder,

9. A' machine ol the eless described including Ain combination, e doubleseizing steam cylinder, single seeing iuid compressing cylinder elincdwith the sloom cylinder, one end of seid compressing cylinder being openand in eon'nnunioneion wish the atmosphere, means 'io secure seidcylinders logether.

l0.- A direet noting steam driven air coinpressor for railway useincluding in Coin-l binil'ion, a, cylinder having e, fluid passageopening from che interior thereof, end e discharge valve sind an inletvalve opening directly Afrom said passage, whereby the fluid drawn inilnough lie inlet valve on the snolsion stroke comes in contact' Withand cools "the discharge valve, inlet valve and he Woll@ of seidpassage.

ll. A machine oli the class described including in combinaion, a singlenoting cornpressor comprising o cylinder having a fluid passageopei'iingv from the interior thereof, e, ilisehzirfe valve and sin inletvalve opening directly from seid passage, whereby she fluid drawn inhrongh the inle'lJ volvo on lvlie suc 'lt-ionl s'lrole noniesy incontact with and cools the dis berge Valve, inlet relire and ihe n lls'of seid passage, one end o thslcylinderbeing open and inclonifnunicnion 'mili etm sphere, and e sleem mol/or lie-wing a cylinderalined with the compressing' Cylinder, ndeped 'no drive 'zhe compressor.t l2. A machine of the deseribed including in combination, n doubleacting steam inoor including' n steam eylinder, e

first ssgge fluid compressor disposed as one end. of and elined Williseid cylinder, seo ond stage con'ipressor disposed the ozher end of andnlined with seid cylinder, enen compressor having; a fluid passage ande. discharge valve and inlet valve openin di` compressor lo theinter-cooler.

in "in vulve of ehe .se/rond Stege compressor.

l, i machine of 4ehe class described in- .nig in ca'inibinntion, o,double acting si :uiting compressor disposed .ind-.filinfxl wih saidcylinder, :i second sitzig@ single acting compressor disposed el; thenher end of and alined with smid cylindw mieli compressor having an openend in immuni ation with the atmosphere wherein il; is cooled, eachmpressor also having n fluid passage :ind a disclmfr e und inlet vulveopening directly from said passage, im intor-coolerg u pipe oonnectinthe disc erge vulve of the liisI stage compressor to the inter-coolerand u, pipe Gonnecting the inter-cooler to the inlet valve 0f lhs secondcompressor.`

14. A ninchine of the described invluding; ln combination, two singleacting ulined compressors and en interposed steun motor, seidcompressors each including 2L hollow cylii'ider having one end open tothe atmosphere end :i head closing the other end; and moons o disehargooil loden steam egeins'n the ii'iserioir surface of noch comlessor. pl5. AL clnding; pressors machine of the class described inincombination, two :ilmcd comond :in interposed stoom motor,

'each compressor including a. hollow cylinder :and i pistonreciproaiting therein, and

:ind :i pipe 'connecting ehe inter-cooler to the l n motor includingl esteam cylinder, .ai

moons lo discharge oil laden steam to the interior surfaces of saidcylinders to lubri? este the sonic.

16. A machine of the class described including in combination, s low)ressure fluid cylinder, u high pressure flui cylinder, an interposedsezim cylinder, said cylinders being in ellinemenlc, o piston in eachcylinder, e piston rod ':onnecting ,il seid pistons, said fluidcylii'iders being single acting and having one end in communication withthe :Lvngiospherc und said steam cylinder being double :owning oninter-emiler inl'erposed beeweeh the disfharge valve of the low pressurecylinder .--l the inlet vulve of the high pie ure cylinder, said lattervalve opening on ille sucion stroke of 'ihe high pressure piston,`whereby the fluid compressed in the low pressure cyliiider nels on thehigh ressure piston lo eid ehe impression stro :e of ille low pressurepiston.

17. A machine of the class described includinggI in combination, nsingle :actin to ciprocning compressor, e motor to rive said compressor,and means to suppl' lubrilont no the Compressor cylinder o n l, ie non-Lemmi cluding in combination, two single acting compressors, means todrive said compressors, each compressor including a hollow cylinderclosed at one end und open e1; the

A other, whereby the cylinders and pistons are cooled, and means' k:supply lubricant to each cylinder adjaoent they open end thereof. f

19. A machine of the dass described in cluding in combination two dinedsingle acting compressors, a double acting steam motor interposedbetween' said compressors to zictuaie the latter, and means io attachthe compiessois to the motor former] to pi'ovide communication betweenthe inerior of the "compressors and the atmosphere, said means includingequuli y spaced arms whereby the motor anni coi'npi'essors are mailmined .in ailineimen;n

iin testimony whercoi- .i aiix my signature.

JOHN S. BARBIER.

